The aim of this document is to review the extent to which Jewish and Arab populations in mixed neighborhoods, towns, regional councils, and urban spaces in Israel are integrated, and to explore the implications of the current state of relations for local and central government policy planners in Israel. In October 2008, violent riots erupted involving Jewish and Arab residents of the city of Acre, and threatened to spread to additional towns. For a limited period, these riots drew the public attention to life in mixed cities, such as Acre. In this document we wish to expand the boundaries of the discourse and extend our perspective on mixed populations in Israel. This discourse should not be limited to the five traditional mixed cities in Israel (Acre, Haifa, Tel Aviv- Yaffo, Ramla, and Lod); it should include “new” de facto mixed cities that have emerged in recent years, and relate to the existence of mixed local councils, regions and areas. Many of the issues and challenges that mixed cities are facing are also relevant to the regional and spatial level of analysis, as illustrated below.